Šķīsti un nešķīsti dzīvnieki
(5Moz 14:3–21)1 Kungs sacīja Mozum un Āronam: 2 “Sakiet Israēla dēliem: šie ir dzīvnieki, ko no visiem zemes zvēriem jūs varat ēst, – 3 visus, kam šķelti nagi, uz pusēm pāršķelti nagi, un kas atgremo – tos ēdiet. 4 Taču šos no atgremotājiem un tiem, kam šķelti nagi, neēdiet – kamieli, jo tas gan atgremo, bet tam nav uz pusēm pāršķeltu nagu; tas jums nešķīsts! 5 Un klinšu āpsi, jo tas gan atgremo, bet tam nav šķeltu nagu; tas jums nešķīsts! 6 Un zaķi, jo tas gan atgremo, bet tam nav šķeltu nagu; tas jums nešķīsts! 7 Un cūku, jo tai gan ir šķelti nagi, uz pusēm pāršķelti nagi, bet gremot tā neatgremo; tā jums nešķīsta! 8 Viņu gaļu jūs neēdiet un maitas neskariet – tie jums nešķīsti! 9 Šos jūs varat ēst no visa, kas ūdenī, – visus gan jūrās, gan upēs, kam spuras un zvīņas, tos ēdiet! 10 Bet, kam gan jūrās, gan upēs nav spuru un zvīņu, no visiem ūdeņu kustoņiem un no visām dzīvām būtnēm, kas jūrās, – tas jums riebīgs! 11 Tas lai jums ir riebīgs, viņu gaļu neēdiet, un to maitas lai jums ir riebīgas! 12 Visi, kas ūdeņos un kam nav spuru un zvīņu, – tie jums riebīgi!
13 Un šie jums ir riebīgi no spārnaiņiem, neēdiet šos, tie ir riebīgi – ērglis, jūras ērglis, melnais ērglis 14 un klijāns, un visu veidu vanagi, 15 un visu veidu kraukļi, 16 un strauss un dzeguze, un kaija, un visu veidu piekūni, 17 un ūpis, un zivju dzenis, un pūce, 18 un dumpis, un pelikāns, un maitu lija, 19 un stārķis, un visu veidu gārņi, un pupuķis, un sikspārnis. 20 Visi spārnotie kukaiņi, kas tek uz četrām, – tie jums riebīgi!
21 Taču no spārnainajiem kukaiņiem, kas tek uz četrām, jūs varat ēst tos, kam virs stilbiem ir ciskas, lai ar tām lēktu pa zemi. 22 No tiem jūs varat ēst šos – visu veidu siseņus, spārnsiseņus, cikādes un sienāžus. 23 Bet citi spārnainie kukaiņi, kam četras kājas, – tie jums riebīgi! 24 No tiem jūs kļūstat nešķīsti – ikviens, kas pieskaras to maitām, paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 25 Un ikviens, kas nesis kādu no to maitām, lai mazgā savas drānas, – tas paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 26 Visi lopi, kam šķelti nagi, bet nav pāršķelti uz pusēm un kas neatgremo, – tie jums nešķīsti, un katrs, kas tādam pieskaras, kļūst nešķīsts. 27 Un tie četrkāju zvēri, kas staigā uz ķepām, – tie jums nešķīsti, ikviens, kas pieskaras to maitām, – nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 28 Un, kas nesis tāda maitu, lai mazgā savas drānas, bet paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram, jo tie jums nešķīsti!
29 Un no rāpuļiem, kas rāpo pa zemi, šie jums ir nešķīsti – kurmis un pele, un visu veidu ķirzakas, 30 un gekons, un krokodils, un varans, un smilšu varans, un hameleons. 31 Šie jums ir nešķīsti no tiem, kas rāpo, – kas tiem pieskaras, kad tie ir beigti, tas nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 32 Viss, kam kāds no tiem beigts uzkritis, ir nešķīsts; visi koka trauki, drānas, āda vai maiss – viss, kas tiek lietots kādam darbam, lai tiek likts ūdenī, un tas paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram, pēc tam tas ir šķīsts. 33 Ja kāds no tiem iekrīt māla traukā – trauks un viss, kas tajā, top nešķīsts! To trauku tu sadauzi! 34 Viss ēdiens, ja pār to lej ūdeni no tāda trauka, top nešķīsts, un visi dzērieni, kas tādā traukā, ir nešķīsti. 35 Viss, kam uzkrīt to maitas, top nešķīsts – krāsns un pavards lai tiek izjaukti, jo tie ir nešķīsti, – jums lai tie nešķīsti! 36 Tikai avots vai aka, kur ūdens, paliek šķīsts. Kas pieskarsies to maitām, kļūs nešķīsts! 37 Ja to maita uzkrīt sējamai sēklai – tā ir šķīsta. 38 Bet, ja sēkla ir aplieta ar ūdeni un tai uzkrīt kāda to maita, – tā jums nešķīsta!
39 Ja nobeidzas kāds lops, ko jūs varat ēst, un kāds pieskaras tā maitai, tas ir nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 40 Kas ēdis tā maitu, lai mazgā savas drānas, bet viņš paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram, un, kas nesis tādu maitu, lai mazgā savas drānas, bet viņš paliek nešķīsts līdz vakaram. 41 Un visi rāpuļi, kas rāpo pa zemi, – tie jums ir riebīgi, tie nav ēdami! 42 Visus, kas lien uz vēdera, un visus, kas iet uz četrām, arī visus daudzkājus no visiem rāpuļiem, kas rāpo pa zemi, – tos neēdiet, jo tie ir riebeklība! 43 Nepadariet sevi riebīgus ar visiem rāpuļiem, kas rāpo, nedariet sevi nešķīstus ar tiem, nekļūstiet no tiem nešķīsti, 44 jo es esmu Kungs, jūsu Dievs, tādēļ svētieties un esiet svēti, jo es esmu svēts – nepadariet sevi nešķīstus ar rāpuļiem, kas mudž uz zemes, 45 jo es esmu Kungs, kas jūs izveda no Ēģiptes zemes, lai būtu jums par Dievu, – esiet svēti, jo es esmu svēts!”
46 Šis ir likums par lopiem, putniem un dzīvām būtnēm, kas mudž ūdeņos, un par dzīvām būtnēm, kas rāpo pa zemi. 47 Nošķiriet nešķīstu no šķīsta – dzīvnieku, kas ēdams, no dzīvnieka, kas nav ēdams!
1 And the LORD spake unto Moses and to Aaron, saying unto them, 2 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, These are the beasts which ye shall eat among all the beasts that are on the earth. 3 Whatsoever parteth the hoof, and is clovenfooted, and cheweth the cud, among the beasts, that shall ye eat. 4 Nevertheless these shall ye not eat of them that chew the cud, or of them that divide the hoof: as the camel, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you. 5 And the coney, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you. 6 And the hare, because he cheweth the cud, but divideth not the hoof; he is unclean unto you. 7 And the swine, though he divide the hoof, and be clovenfooted, yet he cheweth not the cud; he is unclean to you. 8 Of their flesh shall ye not eat, and their carcase shall ye not touch; they are unclean to you.
9 ¶ These shall ye eat of all that are in the waters: whatsoever hath fins and scales in the waters, in the seas, and in the rivers, them shall ye eat. 10 And all that have not fins and scales in the seas, and in the rivers, of all that move in the waters, and of any living thing which is in the waters, they shall be an abomination unto you: 11 They shall be even an abomination unto you; ye shall not eat of their flesh, but ye shall have their carcases in abomination. 12 Whatsoever hath no fins nor scales in the waters, that shall be an abomination unto you.
13 ¶ And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, 14 And the vulture, and the kite after his kind; 15 Every raven after his kind; 16 And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind, 17 And the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl, 18 And the swan, and the pelican, and the gier eagle, 19 And the stork, the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat.
20 All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you. 21 Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth; 22 Even these of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and the grasshopper after his kind. 23 But all other flying creeping things, which have four feet, shall be an abomination unto you. 24 And for these ye shall be unclean: whosoever toucheth the carcase of them shall be unclean until the even. 25 And whosoever beareth ought of the carcase of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even. 26 The carcases of every beast which divideth the hoof, and is not clovenfooted, nor cheweth the cud, are unclean unto you: every one that toucheth them shall be unclean. 27 And whatsoever goeth upon his paws, among all manner of beasts that go on all four, those are unclean unto you: whoso toucheth their carcase shall be unclean until the even. 28 And he that beareth the carcase of them shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even: they are unclean unto you.
29 ¶ These also shall be unclean unto you among the creeping things that creep upon the earth; the weasel, and the mouse, and the tortoise after his kind, 30 And the ferret, and the chameleon, and the lizard, and the snail, and the mole. 31 These are unclean to you among all that creep: whosoever doth touch them, when they be dead, shall be unclean until the even. 32 And upon whatsoever any of them, when they are dead, doth fall, it shall be unclean; whether it be any vessel of wood, or raiment, or skin, or sack, whatsoever vessel it be , wherein any work is done, it must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the even; so it shall be cleansed. 33 And every earthen vessel, whereinto any of them falleth, whatsoever is in it shall be unclean; and ye shall break it. 34 Of all meat which may be eaten, that on which such water cometh shall be unclean: and all drink that may be drunk in every such vessel shall be unclean. 35 And every thing whereupon any part of their carcase falleth shall be unclean; whether it be oven, or ranges for pots, they shall be broken down: for they are unclean, and shall be unclean unto you. 36 Nevertheless a fountain or pit, wherein there is plenty of water, shall be clean: but that which toucheth their carcase shall be unclean. 37 And if any part of their carcase fall upon any sowing seed which is to be sown, it shall be clean. 38 But if any water be put upon the seed, and any part of their carcase fall thereon, it shall be unclean unto you. 39 And if any beast, of which ye may eat, die; he that toucheth the carcase thereof shall be unclean until the even. 40 And he that eateth of the carcase of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even: he also that beareth the carcase of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even. 41 And every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth shall be an abomination; it shall not be eaten. 42 Whatsoever goeth upon the belly, and whatsoever goeth upon all four, or whatsoever hath more feet among all creeping things that creep upon the earth, them ye shall not eat; for they are an abomination.
43 Ye shall not make yourselves abominable with any creeping thing that creepeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby. 44 For I am the LORD your God: ye shall therefore sanctify yourselves, and ye shall be holy; for I am holy: neither shall ye defile yourselves with any manner of creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. 45 For I am the LORD that bringeth you up out of the land of Egypt, to be your God: ye shall therefore be holy, for I am holy. 46 This is the law of the beasts, and of the fowl, and of every living creature that moveth in the waters, and of every creature that creepeth upon the earth: 47 To make a difference between the unclean and the clean, and between the beast that may be eaten and the beast that may not be eaten.
